The Best Advice Essay Example for Free

The Best Advice EssayWe receive advice from someone just about everyday. Rather its good or bad , right or wrong , or easy or difficult. The best advice I have ever received would have to that life goes on. Because its true, no matter what mistakes you gear up in life. Life will go on. People make mistakes all the time. We k today mistakes argon prone to happen sooner or later. Dont get sad, mad, frustrated or give up what your doing because you failed. Stuff happens and your not going to always get things right the first time around. Just throw it off and keep on moving. When my grandaddy passed away a few years ago from Alzheimers. I thought I would never get passed the grief. I mixed-up my best friend and thought my life would be over.Untill my daddy simply told me that even though grandaddy lost his life, I stiil have my own to live. He utter not to dwell on it so much and just accept that he is in a better place now, and try to move on with my own. I also learned this l esson from my aunt Nicole when we recently found out that she had cancer. She is usually a happy go lucky type person, but now she is slow and usually tired. When she found out she had it she was already in stage four. She lost all her hair and looked very tired and sick. I wasnt sure if she would make it or not.I was so scared for her. She told me not to be scared and that she would inform me with any new information the doctors gave her. But most of all she give tongue to to me that whatever to her that my life will still go on and to live it to the fullest. She went through two Chemotherapys and it was gone. I was very excited Till this day I still use the advice that life goes on, and will always. To me its the best advice you could ever give someone when they are down in the dumps or even happy. These are some of the reasons why I choose Life goes on, as my best advice.

Natural Disasters and Their Effect on the Macro Economy Essay Example for Free

Natural Disasters and Their Effect on the Macro Economy EssayNatural Disasters hind end claim both a confirming and oppose impact on the local, provinceal and the global miserliness. However it is rargon, but non out of the question, to see the positive impact it may film on an sparing. For instance, when calamity afflicted in Haiti from the 7. 3 magnitude earthquake in 2010, between 200,000-250,000 hoi polloi were killed. That is 2 percent of the total Haitian population of only 10 million. Comparatively New York City alone totals close to as much as the entire population of Haiti with about 8. 2 million people (U. S. count Bureau, 2010). The Inter-Ameri mickle Development Bank estimated that it cost 8.5 billion dollars in damage to Haitis economy. The earthquake caused the argonas gross domestic product (GDP) to contract 5. 1 percent that year. Considering that Haitis economy only produced 12 billion dollars in 2008, 8. 5 billion dollars is a huge deficit to th e overall end product and functionality of their economic and social growth. That is less than a tenth of a percent of U. S. GDP of 14 trillion dollars, but Haitis GDP per capita is only 1,300 dollars comp bed to over 40,000 dollars per person in the U. S. (CIA. gov). With all of this said, Haiti brought in nearly fifteen billion dollars through donations.So although there was catastrophic and disastrous losses to both the social and economic stimulus, on donations alone, Haiti was able to father out common chord billion dollars much than nevertheless their best year in 2008 with only twelve billion dollars. Proposing a theoretical situation, if an earthquake destroyed pileus stock but left the labor force intact, the square rental price of upper lesson would increase. The real rental price equals the marginal product of capital and having less capital stock available raises the marginal product of capital and therefore, raises its real rental price.This situation would al so make the labor force big in relation to available capital. Since this would lead to a declining marginal product of labor as employmenters have less equipment to use, the real wage would decrease as well. Due to rising creation population, climate change, and environmental degradation, natural disasters are increasing in frequency. They are also becoming costlier and deadlier, according to Swiss Re, a reinsurance company the U. S. suffered a cost of 145 billion dollars in 2004, which was up from 65 billion dollars in 2003. In 2009, natural disasters cost insurers about cx billion dollars.In 2010, the cost was double that, at 218 billion dollars. So as you coffin nail see, in the past 10 years there have been jumps nearly doubling the cost that a realm suffers to natural disasters from year to year. According to the World Bank, there are several factors that affect a countrys vulnerability to natural disasters its geographic size, the type of disaster, the strength and struc ture of its economy, and prevailing socioeconomic conditions. In a globalized economy, all these factors, as well as another(prenominal)s, also play into how the worlds finances will be affected.A common belief is that short-term economic seduces after a disaster, even those as large as this years earthquake and tsunami in Japan or Hurricane Katrina in the U. S. in 2005 are more than off destiny by the reconstruction boom that follows. However this is only in countries that are large and rich enough to have short-term stabilization to the immediate economic hit. The spirit of the disaster and the size of the victim count in an economy are key when determining whether or not natural disasters have a oppose impact on macroeconomic growth.So in a country such as Haiti and their disastrous earthquake, although a lot of money was pumped into the economy in order to help in the rebuilding, that does not do much when they are still in take in of the proper man power that can produce new maturement or ideas for rebuilding the structures that were destroyed. Incidences of natural disasters have increase by 30 percent since the 1960s, and risk-modeling companies have raised the likelihood of a Katrina-like event happening once every 20 years, rather than once every 40 years (SKOUFIAS, 2003).Because of the possibility of large natural disasters happening more often as well as more frequent smaller natural disasters occurring, how will the economy be affected? Especially if before the reconstruction both socially and economically is finished from the original disaster, another strikes in the same area. Another problem that is faced with economic downfalls due to natural disasters is how other countries may view the stability of that country. For example, 75 percent of Haitis national income came through the export of retail apparel to the joined States.If Haiti were to have any benign of smaller disasters before they can properly rebuild their economic and working communities, then other countries will only see them as a reoccurring risky investment and will no longer look to invest in Haiti, only deepening their turmoil from an economic stand point. Droughts cannot be forgotten either. 2010 set records as the hottest year in one of the hottest decades in history. Climate change, exacerbated by the effects of El Nino, sacked off a series of global agitate waves. In Pakistan, temperatures rose to 128. 3 degrees Fahrenheit on May 26, the highest temperature seen in Asia.Russia was plagued by a series of wildfires, destroying crops and woodland, and blanketing cities in smog. People across Europe had to be hospitalized for heat strokes and dehydration as air-conditioning failed to accept relief. Asia had one of the near severe drouths across the globe. The drought caused an estimated 3. 5 million dollars in immediate damage, both to agriculture and to the countrys hydroelectric sector. There are also other uncounted losses, but still very real costs from the drought a drought can lower the overall productivity of land due to erosion and topsoil loss.It can reduce the numbers in livestock herds, which most of Asia relies on for everyday living needs as well as economic income. Before the end of the summer, the death toll would rise into the thousands. 15 million people were evacuated, and over a million homes destroyed. Nearly 34 million acres of crops were affected by floodwaters, with at least two million completely destroyed. By August, direct damage from the floods was estimated at $41 billion. This is more or lessthing that affected the worldwide agricultural need and bring (PreventionWeb, 2010).Proving the destructive power of natural disasters, even in exceedingly developed nations, Hurricane Katrina crushed the gulf coast. Just east of the Bahamas on August 24, 2005 a small, unlikely tropical depression intensified into a tropical besiege which was given the name Katrina. This storm slowly made its way to Floridas southern coast on the 25th where most experts believed the storm would dissipate. Unfortunately, Katrinas travel guidebook took it over the everglades allowing it to maintain its category 1 standing that it had acquired before it first made landfall, then entered the Gulf of Mexico.The warm waters of the Gulf fostered the rapid development of Katrina (Kempler 2010). The above image shows Hurricane Katrina at the height of her power. Estimates had Katrina making landfall as a category 4, but thankfully it weakened a bit and before it involute in as a strong category 3. Katrina became been responsible for an estimated 1,800 deaths, as well as 100 billion dollars total in damages, of which about 60percent were uninsured losses. Some economists would put the total economic loss at around 250 Billion dollars (Amadeo 2011). That made Katrina the most destructive natural disaster ever to hit the fall in States.With all of Katrinas dying, the short term effects on the economy w ere very evident. only(prenominal) one year after the disaster the United States, the economy was back to normal. In the first three quarters of 2006 the United States had GDP growth of 5. 6 percent, some of the most rapid growth in recent years (Herman 2006). Even though the nation as a whole made a quick economic recuperation after Katrina, locations that were struck directly, like New siege of Orleans, did not make the turnaround quite as rapidly as hoped. The first few months after Katrina the United States economy went into a downward trend.The GDP growth rate switchped from the 4. 2 percent that it had experienced in the first three quarters to 1. 8 percent in the be quarter of 2005. The reason for this impact goes beyond the end of property and the primary economic concern the loss of goods and production capabilities (Herman 2006). Perhaps the most important imaging that the gulf region produces is oil. The gulf makes up about 30 percent of Americas oil production and d istribution. The effects of Katrina resulted in the destruction of 113 onshore platforms, and nearly 500 oil and gas pipelines (Amadeo 2011).The loss of this production led to a drastic increase in gas prices soaring to over 4 dollars per gallon. This drastic rise in prices created a panic, and people rushed to the gas stations to fill up before prices rose again, creating long lines and much blether about the gloomy forecast of economic woes come. The only positive result from the increasing gas prices was when the Federal political sympathies opened the strategic petrollium reserves. This increase in gasoline prices surprisingly did not have as much of an impact as speculators feared, other than peoples outlook on the situation. There were some effects.mthough mostly food price centered. The three main goods that saw a notable impact were the prices of bananas, rice and sugar (Leibtag 2006). The primary reason for the increase in the rice and sugar prices is because the Louisi ana Mississippi area is responsible for 85 percent of the sugar cane production, and 14 percent of the rice production in the United States (Leibtag 2006). The drastic loss in production from that area was softened by short-run increases in the other producers of those crops. This ability to increase short-run production is a factor that contributes to the resiliancy of free-market economies.Though the nationally effects were not all that staggering, the effects in New Orleans the months following Katrina were devastating. With 80 percent of the city flooded, hundreds of thousands of people were forced to flee the city of New Orleans, many never to fade again (Blackburn 2010). This drastic loss in population coupled with the destruction of approximately 200,000 homes and businesses led New Orleans and the surrounding areas into a dire economic situation. In the first few months after Katrina, Louisiana disoriented 12 percent of the states 214,000 jobs (Herman 2006). unitary resu lt of the loss of jobs was a drastic raise in mortgage delinquancy rates (Herman 2006). This inability to pay is more than likely a contributing factor to the very low rate of turn back from people who were forced to evacuate their homes by Katrina. Those that did find the resolve to return to stay were in a desperate situation. New Orleans, whose primary industry is tourism, suffered great losses after the storm. They desperately needed to be able to find a way to bring back the American and foreign tourist in order to fuel the creation for more jobs.The drop in tourism is best reflected by the attendance rates in New Orleans famous Mardi-Gras and Jazz Festivals. Both events had roughly a 30 percent drop in attendance from previous years (A year after Katrina, New Orleans desperately seeking tourists 2006). Part of the reason for the delay in the return of the tourism industry is the mass clean-up that had to take place first. Before anyone could return and maintain normal operati ons, there was still 118 million cubic yards of debris to be cleaned up.(Amadeo 2011) Thanks to efforts by FEMA, the Red Cross and many church ministries across the country, there was much help to be found. However, despite the efforts of all these groups, New Orleans a year after the incident was still working its way very slowly towards full recovery. With the aid that had come into the city, geological formations were able to rebuild cornerstone and make great improvements to both direction and government. In fact, post Katrina New Orleans has experienced steady growth in almost every way, including education take aims, over the last 6 years as shown by the chart belowThough it took about a year for it the effects to show and recovery to really make a strong step forward, the relief money that came into New Orleans and the other areas affected by Hurricane Katrina did what the nation was hoping it would help pay off one of Americas cultural and industrial centers. The econom ic turnaround in New Orleans shows how an initial investment in the form of government aid, insurance claims, and semiprivate donations can improve the economy of an area affected by a natural disaster.If this idea can hold to be true with the most expensive natural disaster in American history, it should work with other costly natural disasters as well. Though maybe part of New Orleans conquest lay in the restructuring of their government and school systems in addition to the monetary support. Though the economy of the areas affected improve without bringing down the rest of the nations economy, suffering this type of event might not prove to be true in countries with weaker economies.Also, if a disaster like this was to hit a city like Los Angelas or New York, like Irene almost did, it is still speculator to say if there would be similar results. One thing can be said for certain, Americas ability to maintain long term economic growth despite short term impacts, like Katrina sh ows the resiliency of America as an economic super-power. Other economic super powers, like Japan, are trying to find this same formula for economic recovery. In the case of Japans 9.0 magnitude earthquake on March 11, 2011, the loss of clean water, electricity, infrastructure, production lines, financial institutions, and more than 15,000 lives caused what the Prime Minister of Japan called the The most difficult crisis for Japan since World War II. However difficult it has been, people have been recovering from the loss of loved ones, injury, and the general trauma of the disaster. Perhaps the greatest and most uncertain long term effects brewing are the economic impacts on the world market. Many large industries and economic functions have been hurt, do price inflation in those industries throughout the world.Since March 11, 2011, nations around the world have had to adjust their exercise in accordance with the loss of production in Japan. Several car companies, such as Toyota and Honda, had their production of car parts slowed, and electronics producers experienced the same effects (Syed, 2011). This has been felt worldwide. For example, Toshiba, who produces roughly 30 percent of the worlds computer chips that store data in smart phones, cameras, and laptops, closed down several factories due to economic losses and physical damages.Events like this are what caused the average price of a chip with eight gigabytes of memory to rise from 7. 30 dollars to around 10 dollars just three days after the earthquake and tsunami struck (Helft, 2011). Obviously, the price of computer chips is not the only price that has risen. Because computer chips are more expensive, new phones, laptops, televisions, cars, cameras, electronic billboards, and complex machinery will have a rise in price to cover the cost of parts and production. This effect will be felt for months, and maybe even years in an already instable world economy.Many of these products are produced in Japa n the world export market has been greatly affected because of that. Japans exports have decreased, causing increased economic uncertainty. The macroeconomic result of this is that investors tend to pull away from the increasing risk of pumping money into Japan and look for safer and smarter industries and nations to try to grow their profits (Kihara, 2011). One of the most fascinating things about todays economy is that everything is so globally connected. Because of this and the slow in Japanese exports, the United States level of consumption of Japanese goods dove 3.4 percent following the earthquake (Guardian. uk, 2011).If this trend continued throughout the year, then the Japanese economy would have lost 4. 2 billion dollars from 2010 levels of United States consumption alone (State. gov, 2011). The disaster and surrounding effects not only caused a decrease of funds going into Japan, but the economic instability caused by the earthquake was devastating in its timing. Japanese and other Asian stock markets plunged as the news of the disaster spread, and this is coming on the heels of the U. S.stock market falling nearly 2 percent the date before. Not only that, but the earthquake caused struggling European stocks to fall to three month lows (CBSnews. com 2011). This goes to show that natural disasters can cause a myriad of negative factors in an economy, and that a spike in uncertainty can be one of the most demoralizing. That uncertainty does not just surface in the stock markets, but also in global financing. The Japanese currency, the fade, had a significant surge the day after the massive earthquake struck (Bloomberg. com, 2011).This is said to be credited to the immediate cleanup, repair, and reconstruction needs that Japan incurred following the damages. The long-term effects of the boost in the measure out of the Yen are still unknown, but it has made the Yen rise in demand in recent months, despite fluctuations since the initial rise in trading worth (Bernard, 2011). The Yen is currently becoming stable once again, eight months after its spike in March then fall in April. Japan has done well in its recovery considering that the Yen hit recent year record lows in April. This graph shows the trading value of the Yen in the past year (Forexblog.org, 2011). The value of the Yen is not the only financial issue at stake. Japan is one of the major foreign holders of U. S. government and corporation debt. With Japans Debt-to-GDP ratio at 200 percent, and massive amounts of government spending looming in the rebuilding of the thousands of buildings and roadways lost, Japan is in great need of more money (CIA. gov, 2010). Because of this, the current interest rates that U. S. corporations are paying on their international loans could increase in an effort to generate more gross in Japan (Nanto, 2011).In turn, corporations would not be able to borrow as much money for new capital investment, thus hurting the consumption and job creat ion in the United States at a time when jobs are greatly needed with unemployment rates near nine percent (BLS. gov, 2011). Jobs are a big issue in Japan too. With many of the more than 15,000 killed and nearly 6,000 injured people being a part of the Japanese work force, and tons of cleanup and construction to be done, companies and the government have had to hire thousands of new workers to satisfy the demand for work (Japanese National Police Agency, 2011).After a brief climb in unemployment because of the direct aftermath of the earthquake, numbers dropped to a recent history record low of 4. 1 percent (Tradingeconomics. com, 2011). Once organization was restored, Japan began to utilize its workforce to combat the challenge of rebuilding cities. It is perhaps a gruesome yet effective means of increasing job demand in a nation when its economy was unsettlingly devastated. Since the record drop in unemployment, Japan has had what could be considered a Recovery boom.On November 14, 2011, a news denomination stated Gross domestic product grew at an annualized 6 percent in the three months ending Sept. 30, the fastest pace in 1 1/2- years, the Cabinet Office said today in Tokyo. At 543 trillion yen ($7 trillion), economic output was back to levels seen before the March 11 earthquake, the report showed. Japans return to growth after three quarters of contraction was driven by companies including Toyota Motor Corp. making up for lost output from the disaster.A sustained rebound will depend on how much reconstruction demand can offset a slowdown in global growth as Europes debt crisis damps global confidence and an appreciating yen erodes profits (Sharp, 2011). The fact the Japan is now back to its pre-earthquake GDP level is remarkable. It initiates again the idea of what is known to economists as The Broken Window Fallacy. The theory is that an economy can create jobs and achieve higher employment levels though the destruction of the current goods that exist.H owever, the destruction comes at a cost of replacement that, in the end, is not going to create a net gain, but will sooner create a loss or quick-fix break even because businesses will be stimulated, but run less efficiently in the long run. Only time will tell if Japans growth over the last few months is simply a rebound or if the disaster caused a rethinking of how things should be done and built, therefore creating a more efficient, productive Japanese economy. Economists will be watching closely to spot trends. Another disaster that could have the same categories of effects on a much smaller scale is Hurricane Irene.The northeastern U. S. experienced the worst flooding since the existence of many towns and buildings of the region. Since only three months have passed since Irene made landfall on the New England area on August 28, 2011, the long term impact of the estimated 45 billion dollars in losses are still speculative (Morici, 2011). Given the current status of the America n economy, any damages of the storm are probably being felt most nationwide right now, if compared to the time table of Japans economic fall and rise with respect to the earthquake in March.The U. S. may see a dismiss drop in unemployment and a rise in capital investment as part of the restoration of Irenes damages, but most likely, no real growth will come out of it. However, the increase in consumption in order to rebuild the damaged parts of the northeast may spark a rise in consumer confidence, and that is what America desperately needs. A natural disaster in a third world country might bring in more money in aid than that countrys economy could have ever produced on its own, making a very positive economic impact.But, as far as the number go, in a developed nation like the United States or Japan, natural disasters cause infinitesimal more than a large scale broken window fallacy case study. A hurricane, earthquake, or other disaster can bring forrad events that build intangi ble benefits such as consumer confidence, improved organization of infrastructure, or more efficient ideas, but most real development and confidence comes from ingenuity, not devastation. However, it is hard to argue against the fact that necessity is the mother of invention, or in this case, restructured success. Works Cited

Evolution of the Piano Essay Example for Free

Evolution of the Piano EssayOne of the more favorite musical instruments is the strong suit-piano. In Youtube al unrivalled, a popular video sharing website, type piano in the search box and result will show 574,000 uploaded videos. From the modern grand piano that flock are grown accustomed to, it is interesting to find that piano began its journey from three things hammer, get out and skilfulboard. Dulcimer, an instrument originating in Iran after the birth of Christ, is utter to be the inspiration for the creation of the piano (Concert Piano Pitch Services 2008). The dulcimer shares the same principles as the piano, with hammers striking/ beating strings fit(p) in a flat soundboard (2008). How invariably, in place of mechanical hammers, athleticsers used sticks (2008). Crusaders brought it to Europe during the Middle Ages (Marcie Wallis 2008). The term dulcimer comes from the Latin dulce melos which means sweet sound (Marcie Wallis 2008). An image of dulcimer is seen below. pattern 1. Dulcimer (Marcie Wallis 2008) By the tenth century, pipe organs were the rage in churches (Goode 43).To play, a fundamental is depressed, sending air into the pipe, thus producing a sound (Wright 47). The pipes are lay in groups, with each group specializing in one tone (48). The pipes have a switch, called stops (48). When all stops are pulled, a forceful sound is produced. An image of a pipe organ is seen below. Image 2. Pipe Organ (Quimby Pipe Organs. com 2008) During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, another keyboard instrument became popular- the virginal (Goode 43). The virginal is a box with strings (43). A quill was used to pluck the strings.The term virginal is said to be a compliment to the Queen. Young ladies used to play the virginal. The virginal was placed on a table as seen in the image below or held in the lap. Image 3. The Virginal (BBC 2008). In 1400, the universe was introduced to the clavichord (Concert Piano Pitch Services 2008). It is one of the oldest keyboard instruments. It works according to a simple principle The player depresses a key which in turns ravishers a string with a metal blade called tangents, thereby producing sound (Marszalek and Panagakis 2006).It is a rectangular box with keyboards on the side and strings stretched across (Kelly 1998). Once a key is depressed, the player can also change the pitch to create a vibrato (1998). A clavichord player can make it fretted, striking strings in a succession manner of unfretted to produce one note (Piano Keyboard 2003). Widely used in Europe, clavichords were popular during the Renaissance period (1998). The Renaissance (1450-1600) was a period of rebirth, curiosity and individualism (Kamien 75). In this time, the focus was on human life (75).Thus, vocal music was given importance, with instrumental music taking a backseat (78). Given its small design, the clavichord was usually played in small audience (Get Piano Lessons. com 2008). Despite its limitations, t he clavichord was a popular instrument especially in German households (2008). The oldest surviving clavichord is from the year 1543 (Piano Keyboard 2008). An image of the clavichord is seen below. Image 4. Clavichord (Get Piano Lessons. com 2008) Instrumental music saw its rise during the Baroque period (Wright 103).In this time, one instrument stood out- the cembalo. The cembalo originated in Northern Italy in 1400 but reached its peak during the Baroque period (Wright 48). It is the largest keyboard instrument. Some harpsichords had two keyboards (Marszalek and Panagakis 2004). Like the clavichord, the harpsichord is played by depressing a key, which in turn forces a pick to pluck a string (48). The plucking produces a sound (103). However, its level mechanism limits the harpsichord in controlling the forte (48). When a key is depressed, the sound and volume is still the same.Hence, harpsichords that were usually used had two keyboards to make sound gradations (48). This shortc oming exemplified the way Baroque music sounded straightforward, uniformity continuity, no abrupt changes (103). It was during the Baroque period that Johann Sebastian Bach rose as the greatest composer, and harpsichordist of his time (Kamien 125). His Bradenburg Concerto no. 5, written around 1721, gained importance for being the first base piece wherein a harpsichord had a solo role (104). Usually, in a concerto grosso (the term used for small group of soloists), the instruments used were string instruments.In the Bradenburg Concerto, the harpsichord is played in the final section. An image of the harpsichord is seen below. Image 5. Harpsichord (Get Piano Lesons. com 2008) Henry Purcell, another famous musician from the Baroque period, was elect to be the organist of the Chapel Royal in London (UK Piano Pages 2008). By this time, the spinet had become popular. The spinet also came from the harpsichord family (Piano Keyboard 2003). The spinet was different from the harpsichord in size and its keyboard, which was placed on the long side of instrument (2003).An image of the spinet is seen below. Image 6. The Spinet (Piano Keyboard 2003) In 1709, the harpsichord was replaced with the piano or piano for short (Get Piano Lessons. com 2008). Bartolomeo de Francesco Cristofori, an Italian harpsichord maker, was responsible for creating piano (2008). Instead of plucking, hammers hit the strings and a level mechanism allows the player to produce soft and loud sounds, thus the term piano which translates to soft-loud (Wright 48). During the Classical Period, the piano became the key keyboard of most musicians (Kamien 150).In fact, major compositions of Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amakeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven used the piano (150). Mozarts Piano Concerto in A Major, one of the best known concertos of all time, was completed in this period (186). Image 7. Cristofori Pianoforte (Piano Keyboard 2003) Gottfried Silbermann, a German was touted as the maker of the fi rst successful pianoforte (Piano Keyboard 2003). In 1742, square pianos were made (2003). An image of a square piano is seen below. Image 8. Square Piano (Piano Keyboard 2003) In 1739, the first upright piano was made by Domenico dela Mela (UK Piano.org 2008). The first upright piano is much more similar to a grand piano, though (2008). In 1768, Johan Christian Bach gave the first ever piano recital (2008). By 1800, John Isaac Hawkins created the first true upright piano (2008). Pianos popularity continued until from then on. When Jazz music became popular in the 1890s to 1915, ragtime piano was developed (Kamien 360). Ragtime was played by black pianists in saloons and dance halls (360). Among the famous ragtime player at that time was Scott Joplin. One of his more prominent pieces was The Entertainer (360).The 1960s saw the birth of the electronic keyboard (Surovec 2002). Electric organs were used followed by amplified pianos (2002). From the spinet, virginal, clavichord and harps ichord which pluck the string, the concept of piano led to hammering the strings to produce sounds. Levers are used to work the hammers and dampers. The present piano has an iron frame which attaches the metal strings. When key is depressed, the felt-tipped hammers strike the strings, causing it to vibrate and make the sound. A piano also has tuning pins for tightening the strings.It has an 88-note keyboard and two or three pedals (Kamien 25). Half a million videos of people playing the piano is more than enough evidence that the popularity of piano has not faded. In fact, it has become more popular than ever. Music is part of our everyday lives. Be it the chirping of the birds, the machinery hum or the sound of ones sweet singing voice. And with the invention of musical instruments, music has never sounded so pleasant to listen to. kit and caboodle CitedBBC. 2008. The Virginal Piano. 7 April 2008. http//bbc. co. uk Concert Piano Pitch Services.2008. Piano. 7 April 2008. http//conc ertpitchpiano. com Get Piano Lessons. com. 2008. How the Renaissance Time Period Shaped the History of the Piano. 7 April 2008. http//get-piano-lessons. com Goode, Ruth. The international Library of Piano Music. Vol. 14. New Jersey University Society, Inc. 1967. Kamien, Roger. Music An Appreciation. 3rd ed. USA McGraw-Hill, 1998. Kelly, Robert. Dec. 1998. Clavichord Technique and Performance Practice. 7 April 2008. http//geocities. com/Vienna/3624/clavichd. htm Marszalek, C. S. and B. Panagakis.23 August 2004. Clavichord. 7 April 2008. http//twingroves. district96. k12. il. us Piano Keyboard. com 2008. Piano History. 7 April 2008. http/pianokeyboard. com Quimby Pipe Organs. com. 2008. Pipe Organs. 7 April 2008. htp//quimbypipeorgans. com Surovec, Sabrina. 2002. Electronic Music . 7 April 2008. http//essortment. com UK Piano. org. 2008. Piano History. 7 April 2008. http//uk-piano. org Wallis, Marcie. 2008. Dulcimer. 7 April 2008. http//marciewallis. com Wright, Craig. Listening to Music. Minnesota watt Publishing Company, 1996.

Haematopoiesis Located In Bone Marrow Section Biology Essay

Haematopoiesis Located In Bone Marrow Section Biology EssayHaemopoiesis also known as hemogenesis located in raise centre of attention section of an adults and lymphatic tissue is the mathematical operation of production of note cells and platelets which move ons throughout life, replacing aged cells which are removed(p) from the circulation by which immature precursor cells expand to mature tear cells. This process thesis and how it works is known as monophyletic theory. The cellular blood components are precursor to haematopoietic al-Qaeda cells (HSC) that forms blood cells and immune cells. Blood cells (BC) are significant in support of immune system in totally types of cells in the dead body which prompt the BC to constantly maintain self reclaimal. Haemapoiesis stem cells on that pointfore can proliferate, strike off and even undergo cell death called apoptosis in various types of specialized cells in the body.The morphology and growth of BC sometimes give-up th e ghosts outside the trick up marrow cells called extramedullary haemopoiesis. This is deviant condition associated with Myelofibrosis caused by disorder in the os marrow due to ab linguistic rule stem cell results or replacement by collagenous connective tissues. The sources of HSC are bone marrow, peripheral blood, umbilical cord cord blood, Foetal Hematopoietic, Embryonic Stem Cells and Embryonic Germ Cells. The vascular compartment of bone marrow is used to supplied nutrient artery and open into sinuses. The sinus carries the blood from the bone marrow to the body.HSCs score two kinds and include long term stem cells which take organ remove of a new marrow cells to lethally cancerous patients and make its haemopoietic system for longer periods and short term progenitor which are ineffectual to renew themselves for longer period but immediately regenerate all types of blood cells. The success of been able to inject rock-loving cells from compatible sponsor to patients r eceiving chem new(prenominal)apy successfully and pass catcher recover by regaining full functioning healthy blood cells is deemed to have completed stem cells.Large amount of new blood cells are constantly been produced in the blood circulation ensuring steady flow in the peripheral circulation. This type of stem cells is known as pluripotential stem cell (PSC). Pluripotent stem cell however scores into other stem cells known as unipotential stem cells erythropoiesis, monocytes, granulopoiesis, thrombopoiesis and lymphopoiesis are specially multiplied into precursor specifically to individual mature blood cells.Erythropoiesis is the process used to describe red blood cells (erythrocytes) formation whole in the red bone marrow involving matured become precursor into erythrocytes. The yellow bone marrow initially composed of fats and subsequently changed to red bone marrow from greater affinity of red blood cells needs. Haemocytoblasts is the precursor of erythrocytes lasting fo r hardly a(prenominal) days and involved around four mitotic disagreements of cells given rise to 8 to 16 more cells.The kidney initiates erythrocyte production in mature cell by responding to lack of oxygen in the blood and secret special hormone called erythropoietin. This hormone is then transferred to red bone marrow and begins production of red blood cell. The RBC fills up the blood capillaries for distribution in the body. After few days the RBC is strong enough to serve oxygen to the body and consequently subsided after few months and loses its affinity to continue oxygen distribution and rupture. The ruptured RBC is then taken up by the spleen for recycled to form new RBC.Monocytes is a type of white blood cells that mature to much larger cells called macrophages and plays study role in immune system of the body that destroy dead cells or tissues damaged and cancer cells. Produced in the bone marrow and develop from nucleated precursors, the monoblast and promonocyte and then goes through the bloodstream for circulation to the spleen, lymph nodes, liver,bone marrow and lungs. Mature cells in monocytes life span is around 3-8 hours with full antigenic stimulation of T and B lymphocytes.Thrombopoiesis is a Platelets create in the cytoplasm cell called megakaryocyte inside bone marrow with maturity within 10 days from much larger stem cells, megakaryoblast . The platelets formation penetrates into the blood vessels to prevent bleeding, assist clots formation to prevent bleeding and repair damages to blood vessels. Macrophages eventually destroy the platelets in the spleen and liver.Granulopoiesis are formed in the red bone marrow (RBM) called granulocytes and subdivided into three types of white blood cells (WBC) eosinophils, neutrophils and basophils and are grouped in the same stem cells called myeloblast.Granulocytes are produced by the constant lobulation and condensation of the nucleus, loss of RNA cytoplasmic granules development. A developed cell goes through sinus endothelium where half of the granulocytes circulate to the internal surface of blood vessels and the other half circulates in the blood vessels for exchange. Half of the granulocytes eventually disperse from the circulation in response to requirement in the tissues.Lymphopoieses are precursor to lymphoblasts and prolymphocytes produced in bone marrow. childlike cells are transferred to the lymphoid tissues and thymus, with further division with similar antigens to T cells, B cells and NK cells. They mediate composite and immune effectors.Blood cells (BC) are significant in maintenance of immune system in all types of cells in the body which prompt the BC to constantly maintain self renewal. Haemapoiesis stem cells therefore can proliferate, differentiate and even undergo cell death called apoptosis in various types of specialized cells in the body.The morphology and growth of BC sometimes occurs outside the bone marrow cells called extramedullary haemopoies is. This is abnormal condition associated with Myelofibrosis caused by disorder in the bone marrow due to abnormal stem cell results or replacement by collagenous connective tissues. The sources of HSC are bone marrow, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, Foetal Hematopoietic, Embryonic Stem Cells and Embryonic Germ Cells. The vascular compartment of bone marrow is used to supplied nutrient artery and open into sinuses. The sinus carries the blood from the bone marrow to the body.HSCs have two kinds and include long term stem cells which incorporate transplantation of a new marrow cells to lethally cancerous patients and restore its haemopoietic system for longer periods and short term progenitor which are unable to renew themselves for longer period but immediately regenerate all types of blood cells. The success of been able to inject healthy cells from compatible donor to patients receiving chemotherapy successfully and recipient recover by regaining full functioning healthy b lood cells is deemed to have completed stem cells.Leukemia and Lymphoma are some of the cancer of the blood associated with give-and-take by HSCs. The process relates to the patients defective white blood cells causes by cancer having been destroyed exploitation chemotherapy and replaced with bone marrow transplant matched with donor. Donor are unremarkably from patients family with similar leukocytes antigens. Cancer of the blood are acute or chronic myeloblastics leukemia, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkins lymphoma and Hodgkins diseases.Name the systems used to classify acute lymphoblastic leukaemia(ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). (word lay out 20 words) (2 MARKS)French-American-British (FAB) classification and the World Health Organization (WHO) classifications are two subtypes used in classification of AML and ALL.Define leucocytosis and thrombocytopenia. (word limit 75 words)(5 MARKS)Leucocytes is a conditions of an abnormal increase of white cells in the blood due to infections. Total white blood cells is approximately 4400 to 11,000 cells/microL. Excess to the value of 50,000/microL, attributed to leukemia is called leukemoid reaction.Thrombocytopenia is a condition where there is abnormal decrease in platelets counts, rendering inability for clot formation resulting in excessive bleeding. Causes can be due to low platelets in bone marrow, intravascular and extravascular.Define leukaemia and state the four main divisions of the disease. (word limit 70 words) (10 MARKS)Leukaemia is a malignant (cancer) of the bone marrow characterized by uninhibited proliferation of abnormal white blood cells. Symptoms include enlargement of liver, lymph nodes and spleen, anaemia, blood clotting retardation.Four major types of leukaemia are cunning lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) classified as Lymphocytic or lymphoblastic, Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) classified as Myelogenous leukemiaSt ate the typical manifestation of someone presenting with acute leukaemia including the blood film morphology. (word limit 200 words) (5 MARKS) well-nigh common symptons includes abnormal bruising and bleeding (thrombocytopaenia), anemia, bleeding gums or irregularity in menstrual period and infections. Anaemia and hypermetabolic state are attributed to fatigue, malaise, weight loss, office paroxysm and tachycardia. Granulocytopenia can progressively lead to potential life threatening bacterial infections. Developing infection frequently in eyes, nose and sassing known as neutropaenia, trace of blood in urine, fine rash dark red spots called purpura.Sign of fever, abnormal heamostasis are mostly common. Patients may sometimes shows lesion in soft tissues, spina dura and cranial representing tumour of leukaemia cells called granulocytic sarcoma or chroma. Periosteal infiltration and bone marrow may initiate joint pain (Arthralgia) in children with ALL. Meningitis causing vomiting, seizure, papilledema and headache is rare.Blood film morphology diagnosis of AML shows presence of more than 20% myeloblasts in blood cell. Cells appear to be speckle with decrease in thrombocytes. Elevated count of leucocytes 135.3 x 109 /L and thrombocytopenia of 26 x 109 /L indicates signs of acute leukaemia.In AML, Auer rods appear smaller in size, absent of granules, lower RBC counts and appear smaller in morphology. Also ALL contains no granulesState the typical manifestation of someone with chronic leukaemia including the blood film morphology. (word limit 200 words) (5 MARKS) (word limit 230 words) (15 MARKS)Chronic leukaemia from mature cells is a slow progressive symptom that goes unnoticed for months. Disease is normally notice during normal routine blood test. Immediate treatment is not imminent and may involve chemotherapy treatment in tablet from. Two types of chronic leukaemia Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), cancer of the myeloid cells, and chronic lymphocytic leuka emia (CLL), cancer of the lymphocytes.Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most common type characterised by an increased number of lymphocytes (WBC). The lymphocytes are unable to perform normal process of responding to infections by producing antibodies needed to destroy bacteria.Symptoms may be tiredness (anaemia) due to lack of RBC, continuous infections due to WBCs healthy shortages in fighting infections, abnormal lymphocytes in lymph glands causing swelling in neck and arm pits or groin, also swelling in spleen, Low platelets in blood leading to bruising or bleeding without injury, weight loss, fevers and night sweat.Test in blood film morphology indicates nuclei appearance is rounded and condensed chromatin. High aim of beta-2-macroglobulin protein in the blood indicates advance CLL. Appearance and large amount of lymphocytosis in the blood more than 10,000 lymphocytes/mm of blood shows presence of the disease. Patient with CLL often have low red blood cells and blood platelets in the body.Explain the following techniques and give one example for each, of application in the diagnosis or monitor of leukaemia (word limit 230) (15 marks).CytochemistryIs the stain methods use to study, identify and localization of various chemical compounds within living cells and activities of acute leukaemia.The most simplify cytochemistry method of diagnosing leukaemia is Myeloperoxidase (MPO) staining which can be completed within minutes. Its main function is to differentiate AML and ALL. Lysosomal enzyme stored azurophilic granules of neutrophils and monocytes. Used in basophils and eosinophils demonstration. A heme pigmentation react to its green colour secretion found in neutrophils.ImmunophenotypingImmunophenotyping is use to analyze heterogeneous populations of cells based on the antigens phenotype according to their resemblance of interest. Example is leukocytes from peripheral blood extract from lymph nodes, leukaemia and lymphoma specific to differenti ate cancer cells to normal of immune system. Immunophenotyping is used on a daily basis by pathologist from normal biopsies to bone marrow biopsies from various patients. order mostly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens is flow cytometry techniques. Samples of cells are analyzed in a multi-well plate with aid of fluorescence or scatter laser light to sort out population by immunophenotypic markers type.CytogeneticsThe branch of genetics specialized in the studies of relationships between the structure of cell division and chromosomes relating to variation in phenotype and genotype. Test are carried out in blood samples and bone marrow from leukaemia patients to analyse abnormalities in chromosomal link with certain disease. fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is one of the methods use in routine analysis of cytogenetic band, molecular cytogenetic and G-Banded chromosomes in leukemia against normal chromosome.What is the Philadelphia chromoso me? Give an example of where this is ordinarily found. (word limit 120 words) (5 MARKS)Philadelphia chromosome (PH) or Philadelphia translocation is a specific chromosomal abnormality that causes chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). It is an abnormally chromosome 22 involved in an exchange with chromosome 9 which occur at the site of single bone marrow cell and can also be located in form of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).The clonal process expands to the leukaemia and was the first major mutant cell found in malignancy which led to the CML cells combination of BCR-ABL gene protein. These genes belong to chromosome 22 and 9 respectively. The activities of both PH chromosome fused together causing uncontrolled malignant in the cell is a strong indication of pathogenic disease. The drug mesylate (Gleevec) was introduced through understanding of this mechanism to aid in cancer treatment.State the difference between stem cell and bone marrow transplants. (word limit 100 words) (4 M ARKS)Stem cell transplantation is a method where the stem cells are obtained from the peripheral blood using aphaeresis method. Aphaeresis assists in stem cells filtrations and avoids unwanted blood. When stem cells are obtained from the outpatient donor from the blood stream, they are less invasive and patient can recover very quickly at home.Stem cell harvested from the bone marrow using fine needle inseted into the hip joint however required critical method from in patient to be hospitalized and put under general aneshesia for continue monitoring.Stem cells collected from the bone marrow are much richer in stems compare with stem collected from the peripheral blood.State the difference between autologous and allogenic transplants. (word limit 50 words) (4 MARKS)Difference between an autologous transplant is when patients own blood forming cell are collected for use in transplataion later, while an allogenic transplant relies on cells collected from volunteers bone marrow.The dono rs tissue type must be compatible to the recipient to avoid miss match.

Impact Event as a Cause for Mass Extinction

Impact Event as a Cause for plentitude ExtinctionBy Tom Newell Part A Possible Triggers for Mass ExtinctionOrigin of TriggerExplanationImpact EventsExtra-terrestrialImpact examples, proposed as causes of circle extinction, are when the planet is struck by a comet or meteor large enough to create a broad shockwave felt around the globe. widespread dust and debris rain down as well as forming a dust cloud, disrupting the climate and causing extinction on a global, kinda than a local, scale.Climate ChangeAtmosphericEarths climate is not constant. Over geological time, the Earths dominant climate has gone from ice age to tropical pepperiness and from steamy jungles to searing deserts. When such climate change occurs abruptly either in the form of a global warming or cooling animals and plants have no time to adapt so hoi polloi extinctions move occur.Flood Basalt EruptionsLandFlood basalt eruptions are a type of large-scale volcanic activity, both in terms of extent and dura tion, that can occur on land or on the ocean floor. A flood basalt may continue to erupt for tens of thousands perhaps millions of years and the lava can cover hundreds of thousands of kilometres.Catastrophic Methane ReleasesAtmosphericMethane clathrate is an ice-like substance formed from water and methane in the sea bed, arctic lakes and permafrost. A temperature rise causes the methane in the clathrate to be released as gas. Global warming results and causes further clathrate heating and methane release. The resultant soaring temperature causes such stress to plant and animal life-time that mess extinction follows.HumansLandBecause of the industrial lives we live, we are constantly emitting pollutants into the atmosphere. The chemicals being emitted are changing the composition of the atmosphere. This intern changes how our atmosphere affects our lives, from controlling temperature to pulley-block cosmic radiation.Part BIt is believed that an impact event has caused a cumu lus extinction in the past. Whats to say it wont happen again? An impact event capable of causing a mass extinction is when the planet is struck by an asteroid or meteor large enough to create a huge shockwave felt around the globe. When an impact event happens, the gigantic amount of kinetic energy is partly transferred from the large asteroid or meteorite travelling at high speeds, into the Earth. The rest of the energy is converted into heat and sound, creating pressure waves travelling radially outwards from its centre, similar to that of an atomic bomb. (physics.org, n.d.) As well as the spud from the impact, enormous amounts of dust and debris can be kicked up into the atmosphere blocking out sunlight and preventing the process of photosynthesis in plants from occurring, massively touch on the chemical equilibrium of ecosystems. If humans on the other side of the world from where the asteroid hit, survived the initial impact, they would most likely be killed by fiery rocks raining down from the toss out and the heavily polluted dust filled atmosphere. Because of the polluted air, humans willing not be able to breath properly and the Earths temperature will increase immensely. The huge dust cloud formed would block out light from the sun. If the asteroid lands in the ocean a colossal tsunami will form wiping out everything in its path and potentially wrapping around the world. An extensive earthquake will also be felt all over the globe after the impact, which will send structures crashing down and habitats will be destructed.Obviously this chain of events would destroy the systems that we depend on for survival, from economic and infrastructure to the biological and fundamental building blocks of life, and so causing a mass extinction.Part COur planet is currently in the midst of its sixth mass extinction and unlike past mass extinction, caused by events like asteroid strikes and volcanic eruptions, humans are to blame (biologicaldiversity.org, n. d.) It is human activities such as the emission of carbon monoxide (CO) and the clearing of wildlife that are cleanup our planet.Considerable amounts of CO are being emitted into the atmosphere every day because of our industrial lifestyle, but most people dont realise the harm that is being make to the environment. CO can be released into the air via a multitude of ways, but most commonly through your cars exhaust and the burning of fossil fuels in factories. erst CO is in the atmosphere it takes an oxygen molecule from the ozone molecules contained in the ozone socio-economic class in the attempt to make itself carbon dioxide (CO2). In doing this the ozone layer is damaged, thus affecting its ability to protect us from the suns rays. Therefore, global warming occurs and the Earth will eventually be heated to a temperature at which humans and hundreds of thousands of other lifeforms can no longer survive.Another way in which humans contribute to mass extinction is through habi tat removal. Not only does the clearing of habitants destroy the homes of animals, leaving them without a suitable place to live, but it also increases the amount of CO2 in the air. Trees and plants play a critical role in the ecosystem. They make carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and convert it into oxygen for us to inhale and use in respiration. By clearing wildlife, we are reducing the amount of trees and plants therefore increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere.Global warming is no myth and there is plenty of evidence to prove its existence. According to three safe international agencies, 2016 was crowned the hottest year on record. (www.abc.net.au, 2017) This was no coincidence either, 2015 and 2014 have been the 2nd and 3rd hottest years to be recorded. This is clear evidence that we are impairing the ozone layer and putting our lives in danger and contributing to the next mass extinction.It is hard to deny that humans are causing the Earth to undergo its 6th mass extin ction when there is so much evidence to suggest so. The real question isnt whether or not humans are currently causing the planets 6th mass extinction event, but whether or not we can do anything to stop it. Or is it already too late?ReferencesABC News. (2017). Hottest year on record Australia needs to get heat smart. online Available at http//www.abc.net.au/news/2017-01-19/2016-hottest-year-on-record-australia-needs-to-get-heat-smart/8194182 Accessed 5 Mar. 2017.Bbc.co.uk. (2017). BBC Nature Catastrophic methane release videos, news and facts. online Available at http//www.bbc.co.uk/ temperament/extinction_causes/Clathrate_gun_hypothesis Accessed 5 Mar. 2017.Bbc.co.uk. (2017). BBC Nature Climate change videos, news and facts. online Available at http//www.bbc.co.uk/nature/extinction_causes/Geologic_temperature_record Accessed 5 Mar. 2017.Bbc.co.uk. (2017). BBC Nature Impact events videos, news and facts. online Available at http//www.bbc.co.uk/nature/extinction_causes/Impact_ev ent Accessed 5 Mar. 2017.Bbc.co.uk. (2017). BBC Nature Mass extinction theories. online Available at http//www.bbc.co.uk/nature/extinction_causes Accessed 5 Mar. 2017.Biologicaldiversity.org. (2017). The Extinction Crisis. online Available at http//www.biologicaldiversity.org/programs/biodiversity/elements_of_biodiversity/extinction_crisis/ Accessed 5 Mar. 2017.People.uwec.edu. (2017). Extinction Causes. online Available at http//people.uwec.edu/jolhm/eh4/extinction/causeslink.html Accessed 5 Mar. 2017.Physics.org. (2017). Will an asteroid impact spell the end of humanity? Explore physics.org. online Available at http//www.physics.org/article-questions.asp?id=97 Accessed 5 Mar. 2017.The Conversation. (2015). Earths sixth mass extinction has begun, new study confirms. online Available at http//theconversation.com/earths-sixth-mass-extinction-has-begun-new-study-confirms-43432 Accessed 5 Mar. 2017.Wallpaper HD Free Wallpaper in All Resolution Free Download. (2017). Asteroid smash Earth World End Wallpaper HD For Desktop. online Available at http//www.wallpaperhd.pk/asteroid-hitting-earth-world-end-wallpaper/ Accessed 5 Mar. 2017.

Essay on Themes and Themewriting :: Expository Essays

Essay on Themes and ThemewritingWriting what I want, how I want. finding my own voice. I could write forever on things I enjoy writing well-nigh, but writing about writing it - thats another story. (did you notice how ofttimes I used writing or write? maybe those are the words that will hold my paper together. ah - I dont know if anything will hold this together)I think I must speak first in defense of matterwriting. As someone who has been away from structured writing for more than 20 years, I surrender to admit I enjoyed doing my first research paper last year. And it wasnt easy for me. It seems everyone else in the class thinks it is simple to slap together a theme paper. But Ive been writing off the cuff for years and to actually research something and sound intelligent was a challenge.In high school, I was fortunate plenty to have great English teachers who let me use my creativity. In seventh grade, I would write plays, bring them to my teacher, and he would let us act them out. It was alike(p) that throughout my high school years. (no - I didnt continue writing plays - we out- grew my princess and dragon fluff by ninth grade) Im sure we did some themewriting, but I mainly remember writing my stuff.Having that kind of encouragement, I continued writing in that manner. When I had a column in our local paper, I wrote about what I wanted in the way I wanted to. It was an Erma Bombeck type column and I just wrote whatever came to mind every week. I have a tendency to go for the laughs when I write. This paper is supposed to be my own thoughts, but I dont think it is supposed to be funny. That could be lens hood for me.Now where was I? Oh yes, I was lost as usual Hmmmmm, finding my way, finding my way...Im really upset with myself. I like to write, but this paper has me befuddled. (isnt that a great word) I guess I need a direction to be comfortable. It must be old age. A person is stimulate when trying something unfamiliar, and doing so in this environ ment is really frightening. I keep thinking that Ive always written in the dramatic style. And yet, I need a focus. Maybe what I used to write wasnt as unstructured as I thought.

SWOT Analysis :: Business, Administration, Analysis

SWOT AnalysisThis type of analytic thinking is designed to help identify several areas of a business that may need improvement and other areas where the company may be able to improve upon. SWOT is an acronym for Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats. A company should consider this analysis to be one of the most important steps to becoming one of the leading stores and schools of this nature in the area.A business idea gets started by acquiring knowledge of a product, market or skill. In this case, the companys idea got started from the skills gained from years of diving and love of water and marine life. These things inspired the possessor to start his business. One of the most difficult things to identify as a business possessor and as an entrepreneur is that area where the company or owner is lacking strength. When considering a business venture, normally one is not looking at the negative factors of the business itself. In most cases, the entrepreneur looks at the ab solute factors that can help his business get started. SWOT AnalysisStrengthsHighly Qualified StaffReasonable Prices every shopping mall 20 years experience in the businessOffers scuba gear, training, certifications & eco tripsGood rapport with customersWeaknessesLack of mission statement on the website Lack of competition Limited funds (Typical in small businesses)Over $200k in inventory (Too much capital invested in inventory)OpportunitiesVirtual store (Offering used equipment and possible equipment trade-in) New retail store Proper advertisement (Direct mail, sponsorships, place mats, radio, television advertisement, travel and sports magazines, Verizon yellow book etc.