Betting Shop computer investigation Essay Example for Free

Theme of struggle

The Struggle is the point at which you put forth intense attempts to get liberated from a restriction. Normally something basic happens that makes you battle regularly. This basic thing can occur after some time, or it can happen out of nowhere. As often as possible battling normally prompts melancholy, a similar way that battling can keep you discouraged. Everything needs to occur for an explanation, and for this situation battling was the thinking for wretchedness. Since the start of his needing to go to a scholastic school, Craig concentrated madly like.He concentrated so much that one of the occasions he went to his space to contemplate â€Å"[he] got settled with [his] space just because. † Most discouraged individuals like to remain in their space for quite a while in light of the fact that they need to detach themselves. Reading for three hours every day in his room, is one the things that permitted himself to separate himself, despite the fact that it was not deliberat e. He, in the same way as other discouraged individuals had a sense of security some place, and for him, it was his room.When you can't take care of your battle you will in general frenzy as well as pressure which can dead to long haul physical as well as mental torment. A great many people who hurl are debilitated, however there are sure individuals who upchuck in light of the fact that they are pushed and Craig is one of them. Inside months of his new school, which is one of the hardest secondary schools there are, he had pressure heaved. Craig stress regurgitating is exceptionally noteworthy in It's Kind of a Funny Story since it is the point at which all his battling starts. It normally shows that that individual isn't solid regarding how they fell off to be.Towards the start of the wacko, Craig had it all together, which is generally others' lives are too, however as more goes on to their plate as they can bite, they regurgitation and it shows that they are battling. This passe s on that each individual who has pressure regurgitated on account of the considerable number of things they needed to deal with, truly accepted they were that individual, somebody who could do everything effortlessly. Battling at times causes you to lose control, so it might appear as though you are in charge, yet in actuality you are Just professing to be.Since Craig experiences difficulty processing is food he needs to disclose to himself he is â€Å"still in charge of [his] mind and [he] has drug and [he] is going to make this happen† (37-38). On the off chance that anybody is taking drug for something that they can't control, as Craig eating capacities, it implies that they are as of now no longer in charge of their psyche. Craig imagining that he is still in charge passes on that he has discovered taking drug a typical thing, that it is done something that separates him from others.When you consider somebody who takes prescription to assist them with melancholy alongsid e different things, you insight their name and you think discouragement and medicine alongside them. It has gotten one with them. Craig became discouraged on the grounds that he was constantly battling with straightforward things and brutal things that were a battle. It very well may be anticipated that after some time Craig will come out of his downturn when he escapes his usual range of familiarity, when he really takes care of one of his battles. He will figure out how to do that with all battles and that will gradually end his downturn.

How You Define the Problem Determines Whether You Solve ItÂ

How You Define  the  Problem Determines Whether You Solve It   Have you ever asked yourself why elevators are fitted with mirrors?  After elevators became commonplace in high rise buildings, people started complaining that the elevators were too slow. When people complain that something is slow, the obvious solution is to make it faster.No brainer, right? In the case of slow elevators, making them faster meant installing new elevators, upgrading the motors on existing elevators, or improving the algorithms that ran the elevators. Unfortunately, all of these solutions are insanely expensive.In a bid to save money, landlords and building administrators sought a new way to look at the problem.Why were people complaining about elevators being too slow? After all, the elevators were still faster and less tiring than using the stairs.After looking deeply into the problem, the building administrators realized that the problem was not  actually  the speed of the elevators, but rather that it was boring and annoying to stand doing nothing while you waite d for the elevator to get your floor. The boredom resulted in tenants perceiving the ride  as  taking  longer than it actually did.With this in mind, the administrators fitted the elevator walls with mirrors.The mirrors gave people something to do during the elevator ride â€" checking themselves out, fixing their hair or dressing, or checking out other occupants.With something to do during the ride, tenants lost track of time and perceived the ride as taking less time. Problem solved.This is a great example of how the definition of a problem influences the solution. By redefining the problem, building administrators were able to come up with a simple and cost-effective solution, whereas the obvious solution was a lot more expensive.The world famous genius Albert Einstein once said that given an hour to save the world, he would spend 55 minutes defining the problem and only 5 minutes thinking of a solution.While this might be an exaggeration, it shows the importance of properly defin ing a problem before attempting to come up with a solution.Before solving a problem, you need to put a good amount of resources and thinking into understanding the problem. Only then can you come up with a simple and straightforward answer that allows you to save money, time and resources.While the importance of understanding  a  problem  before attempting to solve it  might be  obvious, the truth is that most organizations don’t put a lot of significance in defining the problem.  When developing new products, processes and businesses, most organizations are only concerned about getting started and finding a solution.Organizational teams are often afraid that their superiors will punish them for spending too much time and resources understanding the problem instead of simply getting started. Ironically, this approach leads to more wastage of resources and lost opportunities as the organizations focus on solving the wrong problems.How many times have you seen organizations spend a lot of time, money and  human resource on coming up with a breakthrough process, only to find out that it cannot be implemented because it does not address the right problem?To avoid this, it is important for businesses and organizations to properly define a problem and ascertain that it is a problem worth solving, before trying to actually solve the problem. Below are some tips on how businesses can do this. CONFIRM THAT THERE IS A PROBLEMBefore you attempt to develop a solution for a problem, you first need to confirm whether  there is actually a problem  in the first place.Very often, businesses set out to solve  the wrong problems, problems that are not even there.To avoid this, you need to go through this step where you try to define the problem in the simplest terms possible.This step clarifies why it is important to  find a solution for the problem. To  confirm that you actually have a problem, you need to ask yourself the following questions:What is the basic problem?State c learly and concisely the problem you are trying to solve and  why you think it is a problem. Define the scope of the problem and explain the impact the problem is having on the organization, the consequences of leaving the problem unsolved, and if possible, the emotional toll of the problem on those involved.What are you trying to achieve?What is the  desired outcome  if you were able to come up with a perfect solution to the problem? This is where most organizations get it wrong. They don’t take enough time trying to understand the desired outcome in the perspective of the customers or other beneficiaries.For instance, in the case of the slow elevators, many people would conclude that the desired outcome was having faster elevators. However, in the eyes of the tenants, their desired outcome was having to spend less time in boredom, with nothing to do other than stare at the floor.To figure out the actual desired outcome, you should throw all assumptions out the door and try to ex amine the situation with the naivety of a child. Ever noticed how children keep asking the question ‘why’? If a child asks why something is the way it is and you give them an answer, they follow with another ‘why?’ You give them another answer and they follow it up with another ‘why?’This is the approach you should follow when trying to understand the desired  outcome. Japanese automaker Toyota is a good example of a company that uses this approach, which they have christened ‘The Five Whys Technique’.To make this concept easier to understand, let’s assume someone asks you to build a bridge for them. If you assume that their problem is the bridge, you will simply go ahead and build the bridge, which might be a costly and time-consuming affair.However, if you ask the person what they are trying to achieve with the bridge and they say that they want to get to the other side, this opens a whole lot of possibilities. You could teach them how to swim, build them a raft, use a zip line, or of course, build the bridge.Asking what the person is trying to achieve helps you to uncover the actual problem and opens up multiple possibilities on how to deal with the problem.Who will benefit  and  why?Of course, if you are trying to solve a problem, there needs to be someone who will benefit once it is solved.If you find yourself having a hard time determining who stands to benefit once a solution is in place, this might be an indicator that  you don’t really have a problem.The beneficiary also determines how best to solve the problem. What appears to be a great solution for the head of manufacturing might not work for the engineers who work under him.JUSTIFY WHY A SOLUTION IS NEEDEDIn the previous step, you articulated the problem you are trying to solve, but is the problem actually worth solving? In this step, you are now trying to determine whether the organization actually needs to come up with a solution for the problem you identified. To justify the solution, you need to ask yourself the following questions:Does solving the problem align with our strategy?Sometimes, you find organizations spending time and resources to come up with solutions, yet solving those problems does not help the company move towards its mission and long term goals in any way.To avoid this, it is important to consider whether solving the problem is in line with your organization’s  strategic goals  and priorities.If it doesn’t, then it makes no sense expending effort to solve the problem.How does the organization benefit from the solution?How will developing a solution for the problem benefit the organization? Will it help the organization hit its  revenue targets? Will it help the organization  capture more market share?In  addition to determining the benefits that the organization will gain from solving the problem, you also need to figure out if there is a way to measure these benefits.How will you ensure successful implementation of the solution ?In case the perfect solution for the problem is developed â€" whether the solution is  starting  a new business,  launching  a new product, rolling out some new manufacturing technology, etc. â€" someone will have to be put in charge of implementing the new solution. Implementation of the solution will also need resources. Do you have someone the resources â€" human, financial and other resources â€" to successfully implement the solution?You might be wondering the importance of thinking about resources at a time when you are still defining the problem and have not even explored the whole range of possible solutions.Considering the amount of resources you can willingly deploy to implementing the solution helps you determine the kind of solutions you  are willing to  consider.Developing and implementing some solutions might be a costly affair. Thinking about the resources you require to develop and implement the solution allows for budgetary and other resource-based constraints to b e built into the problem statement.Having ascertained that there is indeed a problem and that it is important for the organization to come up with a solution for the problem, it is now time to take a more detailed look into the problem and capture all the relevant information pertaining to the problem.PUT THE PROBLEM INTO CONTEXTVery often, many problems in the business world are rarely new. Your organization might have dealt with a similar problem before, and if not, there are others who might have dealt with the same problem.Taking the time to understand previous approaches to solving the problem and any constraints to finding or implementing a solution can save your organization a lot of time and resources. To place the problem in its proper context, you need to ask yourself the following questions:Have we addressed the problem before? How?If your organization has attempted to address a similar problem before, looking into how you tried to address it can provide you with useful c lues on how to approach the situation, as well as help you avoid approaches that have been proven not to work.Answering this question saves you time and resources by keeping you from having to reinvent the wheel.Have others addressed this problem? How?Even if you have never dealt with such a problem before, it is highly unlikely that the problem is unique to your organization.There are probably some other businesses and organizations that have successfully solved a similar problem. Investigate which other companies that have had similar problems and what they did to solve it.What processes or technology did they use? What worked for them? What didn’t work? Why did they choose one solution over the other? How much did it cost them to develop and implement the solution? Finding out this information can also save you lots of crucial time and resources and help you find new angles of looking at the problem that you might have overlooked.What constraints are there to implementing the s olution?By this time, you have a clear idea of what it takes to develop and implement a solution for the problem. You know what worked and what did not work, both for you and for other organizations. Now is the time to determine any constraints that might make it hard for you to develop and implement a solution.Does your organization have the financial resources to implement a solution? Will you be able to convince key stakeholders to adopt a certain solution? Do you have staff with the talent and skills required to implement the solution?Are there any legal considerations and regulations that might make it hard for you to implement the solution? Do you need to get licensing for patents and intellectual property rights? The answers to these questions will influence the kind of solutions you might choose to pursue.WRITE A PROBLEM STATEMENTBy this point, you should  have gathered enough information about the problem you are trying  to  solve, as well as all the requirements that your solution needs to meet.Now is the time to write a clear problem statement that aggregates all the information learned in the previous steps, clearly outlining what the problem is, what a viable solution entails and what resources the organization needs in order to develop and implement the solution.Sometimes, organizations might turn to outsiders to help them solve problems. A clear problem statement ensures that everyone who attempts to solve the problem (both insiders and outsiders) are on the same page and have a good grasp of the issue at hand.Below are some questions you need to ask yourself in order to develop a detailed problem statement:Is it one or several problems?During the first step where you articulated the problem, you might have discovered that the problem is more complicated than you thought, calling for more than one solution.If the problem is complicated, break it into individual elements that can have their solutions developed separately.What requirements must th e solution meet?When gathering information about your solution, it becomes apparent what requirements a solution needs to meet in order for it to be viable.These requirements need to be included in the problem statement so that every person working on the problem knows the parameters within which they are allowed to operate.Are there any incentives for solving the problem?Sometimes, it becomes necessary to have in place incentives to motivate people to work on the problem.If you are offering any incentives for people attempting to solve the problem, the incentives should be mentioned as part of the problem statement.Typically, bonuses and promotions are given as incentives for internal employees of an organization, while outsiders are usually motivated with cash incentives.REAL LIFE EXAMPLES OF PEOPLE/ORGANIZATIONS THAT FOUND SOLUTIONS BY REDEFINING PROBLEMSExample One: NetflixIn 2006, Netflix realized that is was having a problem with  viewing  recommendations. Determined to solve the problem, Netflix offered a $1 million award  to anyone who could come up with a way to make their recommendation algorithms 10% more efficient.Top universities and software companies threw themselves at the task with a lot of vigor. After three years, a lot of solutions were recommended to Netflix. Surprisingly, none of the solutions solved the problem effective enough, and  Netflix did not fully implement any of the solutions.Netflix’s failure to find an effective solution stemmed from the fact that their definition of the problem was too rigid. Instead of seeking recommendations on how to improve recommendations, Netflix was looking for recommendations on how to improve the recommendations algorithm.This can be compared to the man who asked for a bridge instead of a way to get across the  river.As Netflix’s business evolved, they later realized they could offer better, more personal recommendations simply by splitting family accounts. By the time they came to this solution , $1 million had gone down the drain.Example Two:  BrabhamWhile working as a Formula One racing Car designer at  Brabham, Gordon Murray was given a challenging task.As the lead designer, Murray was charged with coming up with designs that would give  Brabham  a performance edge over competitors’ racing cars.The problem is that  Brabham  did not have a lot of money to play with. His design budget was about a third the budgets of competitors. Instead of seeing this as a challenge, Murray saw it as an opportunity.Other racing car designers with bigger budgets were thinking about the performance elements they could add to their designs to make their cars faster.Without a budget for extra performance elements, Murray focused on the elements he could eliminate from his designs to make his cars lighter. After all, the lighter the car, the faster it could pick up speed and brake.So, instead of complaining about the limited budget, he reduced the parts in his design and had his drivers car ry few spare parts.He also had his drivers start the race with less fuel, with a scheduled pit stop for refueling. By rethinking his problem, Murray was able to maintain great performance despite having a significantly smaller budget.Example Three: Downtown Dog RescueAmericans love dogs very much, with about 40% of households in the United States having a dog as a pet. Unfortunately, every year, dog shelters take in about 3 million dogs, which are put up for adoption. Despite all efforts by shelters and animal-welfare groups to raise awareness on the issue, only about 1.4 million dogs get adopted each year. This means that, with time, the dog shelters get crowded and cannot take up any more dogs.In a bid to help resolve the problem,  Downtown Dog Rescue  founder Lori Weise decided to take a deeper look into the issue.She realized that 30% of dogs are surrendered to shelters by their owners. This triggered a mental shift in Weise’s mind. Instead of creating more awareness about the need to adopt a dog, she started an initiative that would see more dogs remain with their initial owners.After investigating why people were surrendering their dogs to shelters, she discovered that the actual problem was poverty. Due to poverty, people could not afford to keep their dogs and therefore opted to surrender them to shelters. If they had an option, these people would keep their dogs.She started a program where people who wanted to keep their dogs but could not afford it received support to help maintain their dog. By reframing the problem, Weise was able to lower the number of owner surrenders by a whopping 75%.WRAPPING UPVery often, people and organizations fail to come up with the right solutions to problems because they do not take the time to define and understand the problem. They waste a lot of time and resources coming up solutions, only to realize that they solved the wrong problem.To avoid this, it is important to take the time to define the problem, look at it from different angles and understand it completely. Only by doing so will you be able to come up with simple, straightforward and effective solutions.

The Inner Workings of a Serial Killer - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1874 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/07/03 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Serial Killer Essay Did you like this example? Serial killers have long been of interest to American popular culture as well as criminal psychologists. A serial killer is defined as an individual who commits three or more acts of murder over an extended period of time (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). Typically, these killings involve the sexual assault of their victims as well as sadistic acts of torture. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Inner Workings of a Serial Killer" essay for you Create order These men and women who commit these extreme and prolonged acts of violence are important yet difficult to study. Due to the rarity of serial killers, more research needs to be done to further the existing scholarship regarding serial killers. Serial killers are an extreme example of the behavior that can arise from people who have anti-social personality disorder. Not only does the presence of a personality disorder influence their actions, but biological and social processes have an impact on whether a person will engage in this severe level of killings. Sometimes these murders are calculated and victims are chosen to fit a desired killing type, or victims are chosen due to opportunity. These serial killers can be charismatic and charming, such as Ted Bundy, or isolated and detached like Jeffrey Dahmer. The factors that aid in the making of a serial killer are complex and involve specific psychological aspects of personality, biological processes, and negative environmental stresso rs. The presence of anti-social personality disorder is one of the main psychological indicators that a person is at risk for engaging in serial killings (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). Individuals who have anti-social personality disorders have a persistent disregard for human life (Kring, Johnson, Davidson, Neale, 2016). They feel almost no empathy for their victims and may know that what they are doing is wrong, but they continue to kill regardless of the consequences. Not all people who are diagnosed with anti-social personality disorder will become a serial killer, but most serial killers have an anti-social personality disorder diagnosis (Culhane, Hilstad, Freng Gray, 2011). According to the DSMV, the criteria for anti-social personality disorder is age at least 18 with an evidence of conduct disorder before age 15, and a pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of others since the age of 15, as shown by at least three of the following: repeated law breaking, deceitfulness, lying, im pulsivity, irritability and aggressiveness, reckless disregard for own safety and that of others, irresponsibility as seen in unreliable employment or financial history, and lack of remorse (Kring, Johnson, Davidson, Neale, 2016). The combination of these criteria puts an individual at risk for committing serial murders. Another important psychological element to serial killers is psychopathy. Psychopathy involves the continuous violation of the rights of others, as well as a complete disregard for such rights (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). It also involves a lack of empathy with the feelings of others and a lack of remorse for any offence or injury to others, as well as an inflated self-concept and superficial charm (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). This psychopathy is seen in the brutal nature of the killings as serial killers have little to no regard for the harm that they inflict on their victims. The victims are seen as a means for the serial killer to gain some sense of satisfaction, typically sexual satisfaction (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). In addition, serial killers lack any real empathy, so their emotions are purely manipulative (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). For example, serial killer Ted Bundy used his charismatic attitude to give his victims a sense of comfort, which then allowed him to lure them to their deaths. Psycho pathy is a personality dimension that is prevalent in most serial killers but not all (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). Narcissism is another dimension of personality that is seen in serial killers. Narcissists believe that they are special and important and must be treated as such. Narcissist have a need for admiration and recognition of their importance, and when this attention is not given, they can become quite upset. Similar to psychopathy, narcissism consists of a lack of empathy for others (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). However, there is a distinction between the two as psychopaths percieve other people as objects for self-gratification, whereas narcissists need to establish a sense of their superiority over others and demand admiration (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). This feature of narcissism is prevalent in many serial offenders (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). The desire for admiration in serial killers is seen through the exhibitionistic behaviors of some serial offenders (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). For example, Australian serial killer John Glover boasted of his self-perceived superior intellectual abilities despite no t having a college degree and having a below average IQ. Serial killers who exhibit narcissistic tendencies feel great pride for their kills and this pride is exemplified when publicly recognized by police or news outlets. This is used as a tactic by law enforcement to trick the killer into revealing more information. This was seen in the case of Edmund Kemper, as the more praise Kemper received for the ingenuity of his offences, the more information he would reveal (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). Understanding the elements of narcissism are not only important for the reasonings behind serial killers actions, but can also be used to apprehend them. Sadism is another important psychological element to a serial killers personality. Sadism is when an individual takes pleasure in harming others, and some may even experience sexual gratification watching their victims suffer (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). Not all sadists are serial killers, as not all kill their victims, but instead use psychological torture and manipulation to satisfy their urges. Sadists use a variety of methods to inflict damage on their victims. Some common examples would be taking away the autonomy and free will of their victims or physically torturing their victims (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). Jeffrey Dahmer is a well-known sadistic serial killer. Dahmer brutally tortured and killed his victims. In addition to this physical torture, Dahmer inflicted psychological torture on his community. At a search party for one of the missing persons he murdered, he served soup that he made with the human remains of his victims. While the personality dimensions of anti-social personality disorder, psychopathy, narcissism, and sadism, consist of diagnostic differences, they all function towards the psychology of the serial offender (Kocsis Irwin, 1998). The biological processes behind serial killers are also important to note. Certain developmental and intellectual disabilities have recently been associated with serial offenders. Autism spectrum disorder may play a role in an individual becoming a serial offender. Criminal psychologists are advocating for the new diagnosis of Autistic psychopathy, which would function as a subcategory of Aspergers syndrome (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). Research suggests that Autistic Psychopathy may trigger the incentive of some of these serial killers (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). The question of whether there is a connection between ASD and extreme violence is still unanswered because empirical research investigating offenders with Autism Spectrum Disorders is relatively rare (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). There is also research supporting neuro-chemical imbalances and aggression. Low serotoninergic activity has been linked to imp ulsive, self-destructive violence, while an increase in synaptic serotonin levels have been linked to aggression (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). The increase of dopamine and norepinephrine also will heighten aggression. Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) is an enzyme that is associated in the metabolism of norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine and its levels are genetically determined (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). Men with low MAO-A activity are three times more likely to be convicted of a violent crime by the time they are 26 years old than men with high MAO-A activity (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). Hypoglycemia is also associated with impulsive, violent behavior, and the link may be mediated via serotonergic mechanisms and alcohol consumption. (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). Individuals who have the biological predisposition for aggression and violent behaviors will be more likely to commit serial mur ders. It is also suggested that individuals who suffer from head injuries will be more likely to commit violent criminal offences (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). Anti-social personality disorder and many of the other personality dimensions that are found in serial killers are genetic. The biological risk factors mentioned above put these individuals at a significantly greater risk for developing into a serial murderer. In addition to the biological and social factors, environmental influences also have an important impact on the making of serial killers. In a study of more than 60 serial murderers, researchers found that psychological and/or physical abuse was a prevalent trait of serial killers childhoods (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). Not all children who suffer from abuse will become serial killers, but childhood emotional and physical trauma can be an influential factor in serial offenders. In a group of 62 male serial killers, 48% had been rejected as children by a parent or some other important person in their lives (Allely, Minnis, Thompson, Wilson, Gillberg, 2014). In many cases, serial killers faced extreme abuse as children and grew up in environments with little nurturing or comfort. Children are more likely to thrive emotionally if there are positive interactions with their parents (Culhane, Hilstad, Freng Gray, 2011). The children who live in abusive and neglect ful households on average have more behavioral and emotional problems, which in extreme cases can lead to serial murders (Culhane, Hilstad, Freng Gray, 2011). Some serial killers may also face bullying and teasing from their peers. For example, serial killer Ronald Dominique was bullied for many years for being gay (Forsyth, 2015). He explains that this bullying over his sexuality resulted in him having many negative thoughts regarding his sexuality. Dominique raped and murdered over 23 men, most of whom were male prostitutes (Forsyth, 2015). These violent crimes against gay men could be a result of the severe bullying that Dominique faced as a teen for being a homosexual. Serial killer Edmund Kemper faced emotional and physical abuse from his mother. He was constantly ostracized in his family and was forced to sleep in the garage, and oftentimes his mother would restrict his food or water. Kemper developed a strong hatred for women and brutally raped, beat, and tortured ten women (Forsyth, 2015). His mother and grandmother were two of his victims (Forsyth, 2015). The environmental and social aspects of an individuals life have important consequences on behavior, and in the cases of extreme abuse and social ridicule, these factors can aid in the development of serial offenders. The treatment for serial killers is extremely difficult as most do not undergo therapy until they are incarcerated. Due to the nature of these serial offenders, most do not want to undergo treatment as it means that they will need to stop their killings (Culhane, Hilstad, Freng Gray, 2011). The most common forms of treatment include mood stabilizers, such as anti-psychotics and social skills training (Kring, Johnson, Davidson Neale, 2016). However, the combination of these treatments may not be effective, due to the lack of empathy and regard for others that serial offenders exhibit. There are a variety of factors which go into the creation of a serial killer. These violent offenders are rare, but usually generate a sizable interest among the public. The psychological, biological, and environmental elements are complex and work together to create the behavioral and compulsive response to calculated multiple killings. When trying to understand the inner workings of a serial killer it is important to note the individual interactions of the dimensions of ones personality, their specific biological processes, and well as the presence of negative environmental and social factors.

Organizational Culture, Management Styles, And...

Abstract This paper discusses the implications of organizational culture, management styles, and organizational size and market demands on the organizational structure of the firm. The paper uses the case study or Toyota Motors Corporation to evaluate how organizational structures are affected by these factors and to make recommendations on the same. Objectives of the study The study seeks to understand the meaning of organizational culture and how it implicates the structure the firm. The study will also seek to understand the effects of management styles on company structures. Also, the study undertakes to understand the implications of market demands as well as organizational size on the structure of the firm. It also places these†¦show more content†¦Organizational culture defines how the firm responds to different market issues, how employees perceive different situations and scenarios in the firm as well as the firm aligns it in relation to different market forces. Organizational culture thus serves as the compass on which different decisions are made and executed – and determines the actions that will be a success in a given firm and those that are resisted or lead to failure. The culture of an organization also includes the assumption and what the firm view as â€Å"common knowledge† usually developed over time as the fir m goes through different stages to the pit that such bases become part of the firm, and define its relationships with the rest of the world. Organizational culture is deemed to be the most important binding factors in a firm – an is the only thing that differentiates the employees of one firm from another. The culture of any organization also determines the power relationships between the different players of the firm, how communication and key decision making is handled as well as how different key stakeholders relate with each other. A culture that empowers every employee will se an organizational structure that mirrors this empowerment, and will consequently have a structure that allows more people to take part in decision making and value their contributions. Organizational culture impacts performance, management and perception – and has been cited asShow MoreRelatedHow The Organizational Behavior And Other Factors Have Affected The Organization Chart And Structure Of The Toyota Company1496 Words   |  6 Pagesbe successful or not. The management style, culture, technology incorporation are some of the issues which will define the fate of the company. This business report attempts to analyses the impact of some of these issues to the structure of the organization. The human resource department issues are easily handled if an organization structure chart exists and in this case, the Toyota Company Report objectives i). 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AIDS The Man

AIDS: The Man-Made-Monster Essay subject = Humanitytitle = Aids: Man-made monsterAIDS: The Man-Made-MonsterInan extensive article in the Summer-Autumn 1990 issue of Top Secret,Prof. J. Segal and Dr. L. Segal outline their theory that AIDS is a man-madedisease,originating at Pentagon bacteriological warfare labs at Fort Detrick,Maryland. Top Secret is the international edition of the German magazineGeheim and isconsidered by many to be a sister publication to the AmericanCovert ActionInformation Bulletin (CAIB). In fact, Top Secret carries theNaming Namescolumn, which CAIB is prevented from doing by the American government,andwhich names CIA agents in different locations in the world. The article,namedAIDS: US-Made Monster and subtitled AIDS its Nature and its Origins,islengthy, has a lot of professional terminology and is dotted with footnotes. AIDSFACTS The fatal weakening of the immune system which has given AIDS itsname(Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome), write the Segals, has been tracedbackto a destruction or a functional failure of the T4-lymphocytes, alsocalledhelper cells`, which play a regulatory role in the production of antibodiesinthe immune system. In the course of the illness, the number of functionalT4-cells is reduced greatly so that new anti-bodies cannot be produced andthedefenseless patient remains exposed to a range of infections that underothercircumstances would have been harmless. Most AIDS patients die fromopportunisticinfections rather than from the AIDS virus itself. The initial infection ischaracterized by diarrhea, erysipelas and intermittentfever. An apparentrecovery follows after 2-3 weeks, and in many cases thepatient remains withoutsymptoms and functions normally for years. Occasionallya swelling of thelymph glands, which does not affect the patients well-being,can be observed. Afterseveral years, the pre-AIDS stage, known as ARC (Aids- Related Complex)setsin. This stage includes disorders in the digestive tract, kidneys andlungs. In most cases it develops into full-blown AIDS in about a year, at whichpointopportunistic illnesses occur. Parallel to this syndrome, disorders invariousorgan systems occur, the most severe in the brain, the symptoms ofwhich rangefrom motoric disorders to severe dementia and death. This set of symptoms,say the Segals, is identical in every detail with theVisna sickness whichoccurs in sheep, mainly in Iceland. (Visna means tirednessin Icelandic). However, the visna virus is not pathogenic for human beings. The Segals notethat despite the fact that AIDS is transmitted only throughsexual intercourse,blood transfusions and non- sterile hypodermic needles, theinfection hasspread dramatically. During the first few years after itsdiscovery, the numberof AIDS patients doubled every six months, and is stilldoubling every 12months now though numerous measures have been taken againstit. Based on thesefigures, it is estimated that in the US, which had 120,000cases of AIDS atthe end of 1988, 900,000 people will have AIDS or will havedied of it bythe end of 1991. It is also estimated that the number of peopleinfected isat least ten times the number of those suffering from an acute caseof AIDS. That in the year 1995 there will be between 10-14 million cases ofAIDS andan additional 100 million people infected, 80 percent of them in theUS, whilea possible vaccination will not be available before 1995 by the mostoptimisticestimates. Even when such vaccination becomes available, it will nothelpthose already infected. These and following figures have been reached atbyseveral different mainstream sources, such as the US Surgeon General and theChiefof the medical services of the US Army. AIDS does not merely bring certaindangers with it; it isclearly a programmed catastrophe for the human race,whose magnitude iscomparable only with that of a nuclear war, say the Segals. They later explain what they mean by programmed, showing that the viruswasproduced by humans, namely Dr. Robert Gallo of the Bethesda Cancer ResearchCenter in Maryland. When proceeding to prove their claims, the Segals are carefulto note that:We have given preference to the investigative results of highlyrenowned laboratories,whose objective contents cannot be doubted. We mustemphasize, in this connection, that we do not know of any findings that havebeen published in professional journals thatcontradict our hypotheses.DISCOVERINGAIDS The first KNOWN cases of AIDS occurred in New York in 1979. The firstDESCRIBEDcases were in California in 1979. The virus was isolated in Paris inMay 1983,taken from a French homosexual who had returned home ill from a tripto theEast Coast of the US. One year later, Robert Gallo and his co-workers attheBethesda Cancer Research Center published their discovery of the samevirus,which is cytotoxic. ( i.e poisonous to cells )Shortly after publishing hisdis covery, Gallo stated to newspapers that thevirus had developed by a naturalprocess from the Human Adult Leukemia virus,HTLV-1, which he had previouslydiscovered. However, this claim was notpublished in professional publications,and soon after, Alizon and Montagnier,two researchers of the Pasteur Institutein Paris published charts of HTLV-1and HIV, showing that the viruses hadbasically different structures. They alsodeclared categorically that theyknew of no natural process by which one ofthese two forms could have evolvedinto the other. Ordeal by Cheque: The life of Jr EssayThus began a phase of frantic experimentation, saythe Segals. One group was working on trying to cause animal pathogens to adaptthemselvesto life in human beings. This was done under the cover of searchingfor a curefor cancer. The race was won by Gallo, who described his findingsin 1975. Ayear later, Gallo described gene manipulations he was conducting. In 1980 hepublished his discovery of HTLV. In the fall of 1977, a P4 (highestsecurity category of laboratory, in whichhuman pathogens are subjected togenetic manipulations) laboratory wasofficially opened in building 550 ofFort Detrick, MD, the Pentagons mainbiological warfare research center. In an article in Der Spiegel`, Prof. Mollings point out that this type ofgene manipulation was still extremelydifficult in 1977. One would have hadto have a genius as great as Robert Gallofor this purpose, note the Segals.Loand behold. In a supposed compliance with the international accord banningtheresearch, production and storage of biological weapons, part of FortDetrickwas demilitarized and the virus section renamed the FrederickCancer ResearchFacility. It was put under the direction of the CancerResearch Institutein neighbouring Bethesda, whose director was no other thanRobert Gallo. Thishappened in 1975, the year Gallo discovered HTLV. Explaining how the virusescaped, the Segals note that in the US, biologicalagents are traditionallytested on prisoners who are incarcerated for longperiods, and who are promisedfreedom if they survive the test. However, theinitial HIV infection symptomsare mild and followed by a seemingly healthypatient. Those who conductedthe research must have concluded that the new viruswasnot so virulentthat it could be considered for military use, and thetest patients, whohad seemingly recovered, were given their freedom. Most ofthe patients wereprofessional criminals and New York City, which isrelatively close, offeredthem a suitable milieu. Moreover, the patients wereexclusively men, manyof them having a history of homosexuality and drug abuse,as is often thecase in American prisons. It is understandable why AIDS broke out preciselyin 1979, precisely among menand among drug users, and precisely in New YorkCity, assert the Segals. Theygo on to explain that whereas in cases of infectionby means of sexual contact,incubation periods are two years and more, whilein cases of massive infectionvia blood transfusions, as must have been thecase with prisoners, incubationperiods are shorter than a year. Thus, ifthe new virus was ready at thebeginning of 1978 and if the experiments beganwithout too much d elay, thenthe first cases of full-blown AIDS in 1979 wereexactly the resultthatcould have been expected.In the next three lengthychapters, the Segals examine other theories,legends as they call them,of the origins of AIDS.Dissecting each claim,they show that they haveno scientific standing, providing also the findingsof other scientists. They also bring up the arguments of scientists andpopular writers who havebeen at the task of discounting them as conspiracytheorists and show thesewriters shortcomings. Interested readers will haveto read the originalarticle to follow those debates. I will only quote twomore paragraphs:Weoften heard the argument that experiments with human volunteers are part ofabarbaric past, and that they would be impossible in the US today We wishtopresent one single document whose authenticity is beyond doubt. Aninvestigativecommission of the US House of Representatives presented inOctober 1986 afinal report concerning the Manhattan Project. According to thisdo cument,between 1945 and 1975 at least 695 American citizens were exposedto dangerousdoses of radioactivity. Some of them were prisoners who hadvolunteered,but they also included residents of old-age homes, inmates ofinsane asylums,handicapped people in nursing homes, and evennormal patientsin publichospitals; most of them were subjected to these experiments withouttheirpermission. Thus the barbaric past` is not really a thing of the past.Itis remarkable that most of these experiments were carried out in universityinstitutesand federal hospitals, all of which are named in the report. Nonetheless,these facts remained secret until 1984, and even then aCongressional committeethat was equipped with all the necessaryauthorization needed two years inorder to bring these facts to life. We areoften asked how the work on theAIDS virus could have been kept secret. Now,experiments performed on a fewdozen prisoners in a laboratory that issubject to military security can befar more easily kept secret than couldbe the Manhattan Project.

The Sound of Animals Fighting Review free essay sample

I would be committing a great injustice to my readers if I did not begin with a warning: This album is not for those with narrow minds. With that being said, I can proceed to review The Sound of Animals Fighting’s second release, Lover, the Lord Has Left Us. Not only did The Sound of Animals Fighting (TSOAF) experiment with new sounds on this record, but they also played with new recording techniques and truly pushed their listener’s limits. It seemed impossible that this band, whose members already disguised themselves in plastic masks of bizarre animals, and accepted that species name as their own alias, could get any stranger. However, TSOAF proved fans wrong. Although Lover, the Lord Has Left Us was recorded using the same method as TSOAF’s first record, the two albums are drastically dissimilar. The members of the band, all of whom already hold positions in other musical acts, recorded their parts to the album individually and could only listen to their contribution to the album. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sound of Animals Fighting Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This album also differs from the first in that it features vocals from two new members, Keith Goodwin formerly of Days Away (Penguin) and Craig Owens (Ram) of Chiodos. Lover, the Lord Has Left Us also features a more diverse collection of songs and even enlists the help of electronic instruments to create a more original sound. The properly named track, Intro, begins the album with forty seconds of static which eventually is overcome by the sound of unorganized brass instruments. The track then flows into the melodious Un’aria, in which Owens lends his feminine voice to this beautiful a cappella song. Later in the album, the song repeats itself with slight variations in the song Unaria Ancora. Skullflower opens up with heavy, but slow drums followed by occasional methodical buzzes. These sounds continue for a short while before Anthony Green (Skunk), of Circa Survive and Moshtradamus, begins to sing his high-pitched, echoing vocals, dragging out each word. Then, the electric sounds die down, while the drum continues, and a woman is heard singing in Sanskrit. Eventually, the electric sounds return, and other voices can be heard distantly as the woman continues to sing, before Green resumes the vocals. Some consider the song to be bothersome, simply because of the Sanskrit vocalizations. I will admit that it is a song that one does not keep on repeat, but it is still good to listen to occasionally, and any true fan of progressive rock would have to appreciate thins song for its creative genius. My Horse Must Lose also has a steady electronic beat and a woman speaking in a foreign language, but this time it is Farsi. The vocals are smooth and soothing, but the song is immediately followed by Chiriacho Summit, a song consisting of a woman almost yelling words (in English!) over deafening sounds of static. Although this song is meritorious for its creativity and experimental nature, it is unfortunately annoying to listen to. The next track, Horses in the Sky, is reminiscent of The Sound of Animals Fighting’s first album. True to the them of Lover, the Lord Has Left Us, this track begins with words spoken in a foreign language, which is thought to be said in the Navajo language. Horses in the Sky is fairly easy to listen to. With a clearly organized chorus and a tolerable amount of foreign lyrics this song saves the whole album from being rendered completely unbearable to listen to more than once. Stockhausen, es ist Ihr Gehirn, das ich suche is an eight minute song tha t begins with strange noises, but then turns to a piano playing, but then returns to the same mechanical noise. Thankfully, just as the listener reaches over to change the track, Anthony Green’s calming vocals kick in, only to be interrupted by an opera singer. The song is highly innovative, but at the same time it is very forgettable. Prayers on Fire and The Golden Boy That Was Swallowed By the Sea are both great songs, when measured for creativity, but like much of the album, they are a treat during the first listen, but after that they are just slightly irritating. This Heat allows Keith Goodwin, one of the most underrated singers in TSOAF, to showcase his talents. This song is easy to listen to and it maintains the feel of the album. Every second of this over ten minute long song is enjoyable, and one does not feel compelled to skip over any parts (like foreign chanting). St. Broadrick is in Antarctica also manages to express originality, while remaining pleasurable. It features electronic beats, and some unknown rhythmical sound that can only be compared to someone breathing heavily down a metal tube. The slow, monotone vocals are perfect. Half-way through the track, the music ceases and a poem is read. The music resumes and the vocals push the song straight into the album’s best song. After several forgettable songs, it is easy for The Heretic to be overlooked. This captivating song, sung by Matthew Kelly (Wolf) of The Autumns, leaves the listener shocked and in awe. The track begins slowly and quietly with Kelly beautifully muttering the words. When the chorus begins Kelly fills each word with emotion that goes deep inside the listener. Owens beautifully sings a part in his feminine voice, but the song returns to Kelly. The bridge features numerous voices speaking the same line, â€Å"Flesh is heretic, my body is a witch, I am burning it† (a line which was taken from a poem titled â€Å"Anorexic†) in a haunting, yet beautif ul way. Most tracks on Lover, the Lord Has Left Us are interesting during the first listen, but after that they are always skipped over. There are some songs that can be listened to on an everyday basis, such as Horses in the Sky, This Heat, St. Broadrick is in Antarctica, and The Heretic. The Sound of Animals Fighting’s efforts to create an innovative experimental album did not go to waste. The record is marvelous when looked at in terms of creativity. Those who were expecting the record to sound like TSOAF’s first album, Tiger and The Duke, will most likely be disappointed. Fans of Circa Survive and The Mars Volta should definitely give this album a listen.